课堂内容1：难句翻译
The final stage of a succession, called the climax by Clements and early ecologists, is likewise not predictable or of uniform composition. There is usually a good deal of turnover in species composition, even in a mature community.
TPO-19: Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems
参考翻译:
被克莱门茨和早期的生态学家称为“顶级群落”的这种顺序的最终阶段，同样也无法预料，没有统一的结构。(顶级群落中)物种的构成通常会有很高的变更率，即使是在成熟的群落中(也同样如此)。
课堂内容2：与本次句子翻译相关的阅读题目
The final stage of a succession, called the climax by Clements and early ecologists, is likewise not predictable or of uniform composition. There is usually a good deal of turnover in species composition, even in a mature community. The nature of the climax is influenced by the same factors that influenced succession. Nevertheless, mature natural environments are usually in equilibrium. They change relatively little through time unless the environment itself changes.
The word “likewise” in the passage is closest in meaning to____.
A. sometimes
B. similarly
C. apparently
D. consequently
答案为:B
知识点小结:
1. 名词“succession”在这里的意思是“a number of people or things that follow each other in time or order”(一连串;一系列;连续的人或事物)。经常构成词组“in succession”(连续地)。需要注意的是，它的动词形式是“succeed”，所以大家就知道了，它除了作“成功”讲，同时还有另外一个很常用的意思是“接替;继任;随后出现”(to come next after sb./sth. and take their/its place or position)，例如：
a. Who would succeed Kennedy as President?
谁会接替肯尼迪总统?
b. Their early success was succeeded by a period of miserable failure.
他们起初获得成功，但随后有一段惨痛失败的时期。
c. She had won the award for the third year in succession.
这是她连续第三年获得此奖。
此外，“succession”对应的形容词是“successive”(接连的;相继的)，例如：
d. This was their fourth successive win.
这是他们连续第四次获胜。
2. “likewise”的意思是“同样地;也”。在“be of +n.”结构中，“of”表示“具有”之意，与其后的名词一起表示主语的特征，例如：
a. They are both of middle height.
他俩都是中等个儿。
b. When I was of your age, I was a teacher.
我在你这个年纪时是个老师。
需要注意的是，本次翻译中，根据上下文的意思我们可以判断出：此处为了避免重复，文中省略了“not”，其完整形式应该是“is not of uniform composition”。
3. 词典里对“turnover”的解释是“the rate at which a particular kind of goods is sold”(货物被卖出的速度)或“the rate at which people leave an organization and are replaced by others”(人事变更的速度)。据此我们可以判断出：这个单词表达的核心意思是“变化的速度”，因此在本句话中翻译为“变更率(速度)”是合适的。
