1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.

　　[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.

　　[2]. When it comes to .... , some people believe that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)

　　[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

　　1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .

　　[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.

　　[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...

　　has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)

　　[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

　　1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

　　[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ...

　　Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. been more visible/popular than...

　　[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

　　[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......

　　Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......

　　[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......

　　1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

　　[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .

　　"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.

　　[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses/this .

　　In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".

　　5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.

　　[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .

　　[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new .

　　1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.

　　[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.

　　[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.

　　[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.

　　1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.

　　Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...But in my opinion , ...... .